Update - July 2020

I realize what these blog posts have become.  Basically, they have become a reminder to you that I'm still alive and breathing.  And here is your monthly reminder!  :)


Racism and the Early Church
Last month, I mentioned that a local friend and preacher invited me to his podcast.  We scheduled to record it on a certain day.  Well, less than a week before we recorded it, the world witnesses he murder of George Floyd.  My preacher friend, Wes McAdams, and I were surprised about the timing.

Dear readers, you may be interested in this podcast, because it is the basic structure of what the future video on What the Early Christians Believed about Racism will be.  When I make that video in a far future, I will use nearly all of the quotations I shared in the podcast, plus more quotations that I did not have time to share.  You might like the style of the podcast, being more of a discussion than one of my videos.

Wes and I have been friends for a number of years.  We fully support and encourage each other in our own projects.  Me, with Post-Apostolic Church, and him, with RadicallyChristian.com.  Here are the links to part one and two of our discussion on racism and the Pre-Nicene Christians.  I pray that it will be a blessing to you.

https://radicallychristian.com/racism-and-the-early-church-part-one

https://radicallychristian.com/racism-and-the-early-church-part-two


PAC's Anniversary
On July 3, Post-Apostolic will turn 7 years old!

Normally, I would make a biannual update video, but this is the off-year.  I will make an update video for next year.

Blessings and so forth!

Update - June 2020

Where has Post-Apostolic Church been?  Most days, I don't even know.  I have full intention of releasing more videos.  Folks are still discovering this channel and have been commenting how much they appreciate it.  When I see those comments, it reminds me that I really ought to get back into the grind and make more videos!  For many months now I've been saying that opportunity to do that is getting closer and closer.  And it still is.  If the Lord wills, this channel will return to releasing new content again.

In the meantime, I have continued to check and respond to many emails and Youtube comments.  I'm still alive and ready to serve viewers!

There is one big plus lately.  A preacher and friend of mine asked me to join him on his podcast.  He asked me to bring early christian quotations about racism, to share about how the early Christians opposed racism.  It was a few weeks ago that we scheduled to record this podcast... before the recent events surrounding the murder of George Floyd.  The timing was very, very appropriate.  After the podcast is finalized and posted, I will share it on this blog.  I am very thankful for the opportunity to share early Christianity and even more thankful for the opportunity to speak out against racism.

Blessings and so forth.

Update - April 2020

Wow.  I cannot believe that it has been four months since my last update on the blog.  Even though I haven't been posting videos in a long time, at least I've been keeping up with the videos in the Septuagint series.

What is the reason I haven't been posting many videos?  A lot of the blame is on me.  I have been slacking.  But the reason behind that slacking is a good one.  I may have mentioned in a previous post that I've been going through some significant life changes over the last 3 years.  In order to recover from those change, it would be justifiable to take this long.

It's not that I don't have a plan.  I have a plan for the next 20 or more videos.  The next video is on what the Pre-Nicene Christians believed about the Name of God.  It is the last video in the series on God the Father.

What's my plan to get these videos done?  That is, what is my plan to stick to my plan?  Recently, I discovered that I do best when I SCHEDULE my daily stuff.  So I'm going to schedule a regular time for me to work on this channel.  And if I do that, I expect that the next video will be done this month!

Blessings and so forth.

Comparing the Septuagint and the Masoretic Using Matthew 20-22 (Full Script)

Too lazy to read?  Watch the video!
www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7-WOTiRUII

Septuagint or Masoretic – Matthew 20-22

Post-Apostolic Church

INTRO

Happy Septuagint Day!  Let’s continue comparing the Hebrew Masoretic with the Greek Septuagint by going through the New Testament and seeing which manuscript family the writers used when quoting from the Old Testament.  In this video, we will be looking at Matthew chapters 20 to 22.  The running count of verses will continue from the last video.

MATTHEW 21:5

Matthew 21:5 is about Jesus’ triumphal entry into Jerusalem as He rode on a donkey.  It reads,

Tell you the daughter of Zion: Behold, your King comes unto you, meek, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt, the foal of an ass.  (Matt 21:5 (ASV))

This is a quotation from Zechariah 9:9.  The Masoretic reads,

Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion.  Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: Behold, your king comes unto you.  He is just, and having salvation, lowly, and riding upon an ass, even upon a colt, the foal of an ass.  (Zech 9:9 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion.  Proclaim it aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem: Behold, [your] King is coming to you, just, and a Savior.  He is meek and riding on an ass, and a young foal.  (Zech 9:9 (Brenton))

We see that Matthew does not directly quote from Zechariah.  He skips these two phrases, seen here.  (Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Jerusalem… He is just and Savior/having salvation.)  Just because Matthew does not exactly quote this verse word for word, he is still quoting Zechariah 9:9 nonetheless.

Since we are looking at differences between the Masoretic and the Septuagint, there is one difference.  It is the last phrase, “the foal of an ass,” (which is literally, “the son of a beast of burden”).  Matthew and the Masoretic contain this last phrase, but the Septuagint does not.  Matthew follows the Masoretic.

[Verses: 34.  Both: 14.  LXX: 10.  MT: 8.]

MATTHEW 21:9

Matthew 21:9 is about what the crowds shouted to Jesus as He rode through Jerusalem.  It reads,

Hosanna to the son of David.  Blessed is he that comes in the name of the Lord.  Hosanna in the highest.  (Matt 21:9 (ASV))

This is a quotation from Psalm 118:25-26.  The Masoretic reads,

Save now, we beseech you, O Jehovah: O Jehovah, we beseech you, send now prosperity.  Blessed be he that comes in the name of Jehovah: We have blessed you out of the house of Jehovah.  (Ps 118:25-26 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

O Lord, save now: O Lord, send now prosperity.  Blessed is he that comes in the name of the Lord: we have blessed you out of the house of the Lord.  (Ps 118:25-26 (Brenton))

You may ask: why does Matthew say Hosanna?  What is Hosanna?  It is an Hebrew and Aramaic compound word that literally means, “save now.”  So, for Psalm 118 to say “save now,” this is the same thing as Hosanna.

The main difference here is that the Masoretic has the Tetragrammaton, that is, the four letter Hebrew word for Yahweh or Jehovah, and the Septuagint has “the Lord.”  So technically, Matthew is following the Septuagint.  However, it is important to note that the Tetragrammaton doesn’t appear a single time in the New Testament.  All the New Testament writers used “the Lord” instead of using the Tetragrammaton.  Did the New Testament writers do this because they were following the Septuagint and not the Masoretic?  Did they do this because they were writing in Greek and not Hebrew?  Did they do this for another reason?  It is unfair to say Matthew is following the Septuagint because he wrote “the Lord” and not the Tetragrammaton.  By the same token, Matthew uses the Hebrew/Aramaic word for save now, Hosanna.  Did he do this because he is following the Masoretic and not the Septuagint?  It is unfair to say that Matthew is following the Masoretic because Hosanna in Hebrew is the same thing as “save now” in Greek.

The point is this, when translations are made and quotations are quoted, there is a degree of room for the writer to be more literal to the original language or to be more accurate to the modern language.  In this case, it is too hard to tell whether Matthew is following one family of manuscripts over another.  Therefore, it is safe to say that Matthew, in his own way, is following both.

[Verses: 35.  Both: 15.  LXX: 10.  MT: 8.]

MATTHEW 21:13

Matthew 21:13 is what Jesus said when He cleansed the temple.  It reads,

He said unto them, “It is written: My house shall be called a house of prayer: but you make it a den of robbers.”  (Matt 21:13 (ASV))

This is a quotation from Isaiah 56:7 and Jeremiah 7:11.  The Masoertic reads,

For my house shall be called a house of prayer for all peoples.  (Is 56:7 (ASV))

Is this house, which is called by my name, become a den of robbers in your eyes?  Behold, I, even I, have seen it, says Jehovah.  (Jer 7:11 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

For my house shall be called a house of prayer for all nations.  (Is 56:7 (Brenton))

Is my house, whereon my name is called, a den of robbers in your eyes?  And, behold, I have seen it, says the Lord.  (Jer 7:11 (Brenton))

All readings agree.  Jesus follows both the Masoretic and the Septuagint.

[Verses: 36.  Both: 16.  LXX: 10.  MT: 8.]

MATTHEW 21:16

Matthew 21:16 is about when the chief priests asked Jesus if He knew the people were calling Him the Son of David.  It reads,

Jesus said unto them, “Yes, did you never read: Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings you have perfected praise”?  (Matt 21:16 (ASV))

This is a quotation from Psalm 8:2.  The Masoretic reads,

Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings have you established strength.  (Ps 8:2 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings have you perfected praise.  (Ps 8:2 (Brenton))

The Masoretic says that God established (literally, “found”) strength (or power).  The Septuagint uses the same words Jesus said: perfected praise.  Jesus follows the Septuagint.

[Verses: 37.  Both: 16.  LXX: 11.  MT: 8.]

MATTHEW 21:33

This is extremely similar to Isaiah 5:1-2, but this is not a quotation.

MATTHEW 21:42

Matthew 21:42 is about the parable of the vineyard owner who destroyed the farmers who did not respect his slaves or his son.  The meaning of the parable is that the people of Jesus’ day would reject Him as the Son of God in the same way.  It reads,

Jesus said unto them, “Did you never read in the Scriptures: The stone which the builders rejected, the same was made the head of the corner; this was from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes”?  (Matt 21:42 (ASV))

This is quotation from Psalm 118:22-23.  The Masoretic reads,

The stone which the builders rejected is become the head of the corner.  This is Jehovah's doing.  It is marvelous in our eyes.  (Ps 118:22-23 (ASV))

In the Septuagint, Psalm 117:22-23 reads,

The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner.  This has been done of the Lord.  And it is wonderful in our eyes.  (Ps 117:22-23 (Brenton))

The one difference is that both Jesus and the Septuagint, referring to the rejected stone, say “the same” has become.  The words “the same” appear in the Greek both in Matthew and in the Septuagint.  Because Hebrew is such an ancient language, it is hard to tell if the words “the same” is implied by the Hebrew.  But this is such a minor thing, it seems fair to give the Hebrew the benefit of the doubt and say that it is saying the same thing.  Jesus follows both.

[Verses: 38.  Both: 17.  LXX: 11.  MT: 8.]

MATTHEW 22:24

Matthew 22:24 is similar to Gen 38:8 and especially similar to Deut 25:5, but it is not a quotation.

MATTHEW 22:32

Matthew 22:32 is about Jesus’ answer to the Sadducces on whether there will be a resurrection.  It reads,

I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.  (Matt 22:32 (ASV))

This is quotation from Exodus 3:6.  The Masoretic reads,

I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.  (Ex 3:6 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.  (Ex 3:6 (Brenton))

All readings agree.  Jesus follows both.

[Verses: 39.  Both: 18.  LXX: 11.  MT: 8.]

MATTHEW 22:37

Matt 22:37 is Jesus’ greatest commandment.  It reads,

You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind.  (Matt 22:37 (ASV))

This is a quotation from Deuteronomy 6:5.  The Masoretic reads,

You shall love Jehovah your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your might.  (Deut 6:5 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

You shall love the Lord your God with all your mind, and with all your soul, and [with] all your strength.  (Deut 6:5 (Brenton))

First, even though Brenton’s translation lists “mind” first, this is a mistranslation.  The Greek Septuagint contains heart there.  There are two differences.  First, there is the same issue as before regarding the Tetragrammaton and “the Lord.”  As discussed earlier, this is not a factor in these comparisons.  Second, the last thing Jesus said we are to love God with is your mind.  Yet, both the Masoretic and the Septuagint have something different: your might or your strength.  There is no doubt that Jesus said “mind,” which can also be translated as one’s understanding.  Yet, might and strength are completely different words.  Did Jesus replace might or strength with the mind?

One might ask, but aren’t we to love God with all those things?  Yes!  Luke’s gospel also contains Jesus’ greatest commandment.  It reads,

You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength, and with all your mind.  (Luke 10:27 (ASV))

Here, Jesus exactly quotes Deuteronomy 6:5, adding “and with all your mind” at the end.  So yes, Jesus said that we should love our God with all these things.

In this case, Jesus is quoting from both the Masoretic and the Septuagint, yet when it comes to that last word, Jesus is quoting from neither.  But considering how Luke shares Jesus’ words with us, we can see that, in the end, He follows both the Masoretic and the Septuagint.

[Verses: 40.  Both: 19.  LXX: 11.  MT: 8.]

MATTHEW 22:39

Matthew 22:39 is Jesus’ second greatest commandment.  It reads,

And a second like unto it is this: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.  (Matt 22:39 (ASV))

This is quotation from Leviticus 19:18.  The Masoretic reads,

You shall love your neighbor as yourself.  (Lev 19:18 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

You shall love your neighbor as yourself.  (Lev 19:18 (Brenton))

All readings agree.  Jesus follows both.

[Verses: 41.  Both: 20.  LXX: 11.  MT: 8.]

MATTHEW 22:44

This video began with a verse about Jesus being the Son of David.  The last verse in this video will also be about how Jesus is the Son of David.  Matthew 22:44 is about when the people asked how the Christ can be David’s son.  Jesus explained this by quoting from the Psalms.  It reads,

The Lord said unto my Lord, “Sit you on my right hand, till I put your enemies underneath your feet.”  (Matt 22:44 (ASV))

This is a quotation from Psalm 110:1.  The Masoretic reads,

Jehovah said unto my Lord, “Sit you at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.”  (Ps 110:1 (ASV))

In the Septuagint, Psalm 109:1 reads,

The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit you on my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.”  (Ps 110:1 (Brenton))

Once again, we see another example of the Masoretic using the Tetragrammaton.  In Psalm 110:1, it uses both the Tetragrammaton as well as “Adonai,” the Hebrew word for “lord.”  As you can see here, the American Standard Version shows this difference.  Again, all readings agree.  Jesus follows both.

[Verses: 42.  Both: 21.  LXX: 11.  MT: 8.]

CREDITS

That is enough for now.  But we will continue looking at New Testament quotations from the Old Testament in August.

Blessings and so forth.

Update - December 2019

Apparently, this blog has not seen an update in 3 months.  Here, this will be a big update!

November was a landmark month for this channel.  Over the last 6.5 years, this channel has gained 9,000 subscribers.  For reasons unknown, before the end of November, it has about 16,000 subscribers!

What could have caused 7,000 folks to subscribe to this channel in one month's time?  I wish I knew.  But I'm certainly thankful that this has happened!

Over the last 6.5 years, I have read every comment and responded to as many as I can.  But with this many new views and subscribers, comments are being posted quicker than I have time to respond to them.  Therefore, as of this month, I will continue to read all comments but will respond to only a few of them.  Honestly, this wasn't something I ever wanted to say.  But as the channel is seeing so much more traffic, it is necessary to scale back the number of replies on comments.

Here is a graph showing the spike in subscribers this month.  Before the spike, the channel was seeing about 40 new subscribers per day.  Now that the spike is over, the channel is seeing about 70 new subscribers per day.

Given all this, this tells me that I need to get back into making new content.  The future of this channel is planned out.  All that is left is to push forward into the early Christians' beliefs and writings.  Though the plan is there, there is a lot of research still to do.  And the month of November re-motivates me to continue this ministry!

Please pray for the future of this channel, that God's grace and providence will allow this channel to continue sharing the history and faith of Pre-Nicene Christianity.  To those reading this, God bless you!

Update - September 2019

I'm very glad that I am now posting videos about New Testament quotations of the Old Testament (for the Septuagint series) twice a year now.  That series is this channel's most popular series.  I'm glad it will progress twice as fast now.  :)

I was hoping to post the next video for my channel last month, but my regular job made me very busy that month.  I will try to finish it in September this time.  Thank you for your patience!

Blessings and so forth!

Comparing the Septuagint and the Masoretic Using Matthew 13-19 (Full Script)

Too lazy to read?  Watch the video!
www.youtube.com/watch?v=7dJMjRfXU4s

Septuagint or Masoretic – Matthew 13-19

Post-Apostolic Church

INTRO

Let’s continue comparing the Hebrew Masoretic with the Greek Septuagint by going through the New Testament and seeing which manuscript family the writers used when quoting from the Old Testament.  In this video, we will be looking at Matthew chapters 13 to 19.  The running count of verses will continue from the last video.

MATTHEW 13:14-15

Matthew 13:14-15 is about why Jesus spoke in parables.  It reads,

Unto them is fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah, which says, “By hearing you shall hear, and shall in no way understand; and seeing you shall see, and shall in no way perceive.  For this people's heart is waxed gross [become calloused], and their ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes they have closed.  Lest haply [perhaps] they should perceive with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and should turn again, and I should heal them.”  (Matt 13:14-15 (ASV))

This is a quotation from Isaiah 6:1-2.  The Masoretic reads,

Hear you indeed, but understand not, and see you indeed, but perceive not.  Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and turn again, and be healed.  (Is 6:1-2 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

You shall hear indeed, but you shall not understand; and you shall see indeed, but you shall not perceive.  For the heart of this people has become gross, and their ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes have they closed; lest they should see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and be converted, and I should heal them.  (Is 6:9-10 (Brenton))

Even though some of the words in these translations are different, all words mean the same thing.  All three passages agree.  Matthew follows both.

[Verses: 25.  Both: 9.  LXX: 8.  MT: 6.]

MATTHEW 13:35

Matthew 13:35 is Matthew’s explanation for why Jesus taught in parables.  It reads,

That it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophet, saying, “I will open my mouth in parables; I will utter things hidden from the foundation of the world.”  (Matt 13:35 (ASV))

This is quotation from Psalm 78:2.  The Masoretic reads,

I will open my mouth in a parable; I will utter dark sayings [puzzles] of old.  (Ps 78:2 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

I will open my mouth in parables: I will utter previews from the beginning.  (Ps 78:2 (LXX literal))

Matthew adds “foundation,” which is not found in the Hebrew nor Greek.  This is not a direct quotation.  And what things will Jesus utter?  Matthew says hidden things.  The Masoretic says “puzzles.”  The Septuagint says “previews,” which is a literal translation, but can also be translated “riddles.”  It appears that the Masoretic and the Septuagint have the same readings, and Matthew is loosely translating either of them.  So Matthew is following both.

[Verses: 26.  Both: 10.  LXX: 8.  MT: 6.]

MATTHEW 15:4

Matthew 15:4 is when Jesus accuses the Pharisees and scribes for violating the Fifth Commandment.  It reads,

For God said, “Honor your father and your mother,” and, “He that speaks evil of father or mother, let him die the death.”  (Matt 15:4 (ASV))

Jesus quoting two passages.  The first is from Ex 20:12 (and Deuteronomy 5:16).  The second is from Exodus 21:17.  The Masoretic reads,

Honor your father and your mother…  He that curses his father or his mother shall surely be put to death.  (Ex 20:12, 21:17 (ASV))

In the Septuagint, Exodus 21 verses 16 and 17 are switched.  What this does is places the two verses about how to treat father and mother next to each other.  The Septuagint reads,

Honor your father and your mother…  He that reviles his father or his mother shall surely die.  (Ex 20:12, 21:16 (Brenton))

The ASV rendering in Matt 15:4 is a literal translation of the Masoretic’s Exo 21:17, even the ASV translated it differently there.  In short, the Masoretic says, “will die the death.”  And the Greek has the same literal meaning, saying, “the end will be death.”  Even though Matthew uses the very same Greek words found in the Septuagint, all three passages agree.  Matthew is following both.

[Verses: 27.  Both: 11.  LXX: 8.  MT: 6.]

MATTHEW 15:8-9

Matthew 15:8-9 is Jesus’ quotation from Isaiah about those who negate God’s word because of their traditions.  It reads,

This people honor me with their lips; but their heart is far from me.  In vain do they worship me, Teaching doctrines the precepts of men.  (Matt 15:8-9 (ASV))

This is a quotation from Isaiah 29:13.  The Masoretic reads,

Forasmuch as this people draw near and with their mouth and with their lips do honor me, but have removed their heart far from me, and their fear of me is a commandment of men which has been taught.  (Is 29:13 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

This people draw near to me with their mouth and they honor me with their lips, but their heart is far from me; but in vain do they worship me, teaching the commandments and doctrines of men.  (Is 29:13 (Brenton))

The first half of the quotation is the same between the manuscripts.  Though the second half has the same message, the words are very different.  Without too much analysis, it is clearly seen that Jesus quoted from the Septuagint.

[Verses: 28.  Both: 11.  LXX: 9.  MT: 6.]

MATTHEW 16:27

Matthew 16:27 is Jesus speaking about His Second Coming and what He will do.  It reads,

Then shall He render unto every man according to his deeds.  (Matt 16:27 (ASV))

This is a quotation from Psalm 62:12 and Proverbs 24:12.  The Masoretic reads,

You render to every man according to his work.  (Ps 62:12 (ASV))

Shall not He render to every man according to his work?  (Prov 24:12 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

You will recompense every one according to his works.  (Ps 62:12 (Brenton))

[He] renders to every man according to his works.  (Prov 24:12 (Brenton))

It doesn’t come out in the translations but the last word is different.  In Matthew and the Masoretic, the word should be translated “actions.”  In the Septuagint, it should be translated “works.”  This is true for both the verse from Psalms and the verse from Proverbs.  Because these words are synonyms, the meaning is the same.  But based on the choice of words, Jesus is following the Masoretic.

[Verses: 29.  Both: 11.  LXX: 9.  MT: 7.]

MATTHEW 18:16

Matthew 18:16 is part of Jesus’ teaching on what to do if your brother sins against you.  It reads,

At the mouth of two witnesses or three every word may be established.  (Matt 18:16 (ASV))

This is quotation from Deuteronomy 19:15.  The Masoretic reads,

At the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall a matter be established.  (Deut 19:15 (ASV))

The Septuagint reads,

By the mouth of two witnesses, or by the mouth of three witnesses, shall every word be established.  (Deut 19:15 (Brenton))

When looking at the original languages, everything appears to have the very same meaning.  However, the Masoretic does not have “every” which does appear in Matthew.  Jesus is favoring the Septuagint.

[Verses: 30.  Both: 11.  LXX: 10.  MT: 7.]

MATTHEW 19:4-5

Matthew 19:4-5 is when Jesus was teaching on marriage and divorce.  He quotes Genesis twice.  It reads,

Have you not read that He who made them from the beginning “made them male and female,” and said, “For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife; and the two shall become one flesh”?  (Matt 19:4-5 (ASV))

The first is a quotation from Genesis 1:27.  There is no need to read this from the Genesis because the Masoretic and the Septuagint are in perfect agreement.

[Verses: 31.  Both: 12.  LXX: 10.  MT: 7.]

The second is a quotation from Genesis 2:24.  The same is the case here.  All manuscript families agree.

[Verses: 32.  Both: 13.  LXX: 10.  MT: 7.]

MATTHEW 19:18-19

Matthew 19:18-19 is Jesus’ conversation with the rich, young ruler.  It reads,

You shall not kill.  You shall not commit adultery.  You shall not steal.  You shall not bear false witness.  Honor your father and your mother.  And You shall love your neighbor as yourself.  (Matt 19:18-19 (ASV))

These are quotations from Exodus 20:12-16 (and its parallel passage in Deuteronomy 5:16-20) and, secondly, Leviticus 19:18.  Jesus switches the order around, placing “honoring father and mother” after “not bearing false witness.”  In Exodus and Deuteronomy, “honoring father and mother” appears before “not killing.”  And about bearing false witness, Jesus does not say “against your neighbor.”  Therefore, like so many other times, Jesus loosely quotes from the Old Testament.

The Masoretic reads,

Honor your father and your mother… You shall not kill.  You shall not commit adultery.  You shall not steal.  You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor…. You shall love your neighbor as yourself.  (Ex 20:12-16, Lev 19:18 (ASV))

The Septuagint has the reads,

Honor your father and your mother… You shall not kill.  You shall not commit adultery.  You shall not steal.  You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor…. You shall love your neighbor as yourself.  (Ex 20:12-16, Lev 19:18 (Brenton))

Though Jesus changed the order of a couple of the commandments, everything else reads the same.  Jesus is following both.

[Verses: 33.  Both: 14.  LXX: 10.  MT: 7.]

CREDITS

That is enough for now.  But we will continue looking at New Testament quotations from the Old Testament next year.

Blessings and so forth.