Thursday, April 2, 2015

A Reading of On Easter by Venantius of Camerino (Full Script)

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A Reading of On Easter by Venantius of Camerino
Post-Apostolic Church

INTRO
This is a poem titled On Easter by Venantius of Camerino.  He lived in Camerino, Italy and was martyred there under the persecutions of Emperor Decius around 250 AD.

He addressed this poem to his friend, Felix of Nola, who also died from these persecutions.

This beautiful poem shows how excited the early Christians were to celebrate Easter, or as they called it in Greek and Latin, Pascha, as well as the victory of God by the resurrection of His Son, Jesus Christ.

VERSE 1
The seasons blush varied with the flowery, fair weather, and the gate of the pole lies open with greater light.
His path in the heaven raises the fire-breathing sun higher, who goes forth on his course, and enters the waters of the ocean.
Armed with rays traversing the liquid elements, in this brief night he stretches out the day in a circle.
The brilliant firmament puts forth its clear countenance, and the bright stars show their joy.
The fruitful earth pours forth its gifts with varied increase, when the year has well returned its vernal riches.
Soft beds of violets paint the purple plain; the meadows are green with plants, and the plant shines with its leaves.
By degrees, gleaming brightness of the flowers comes forth; all the herbs smile with their blossoms.
The seed being deposited, the grain springs up far and wide in the fields, promising to be able to overcome the hunger of the husbandman.
Having deserted its stem, the vine-shoot bewails its joys; the vine gives water only from the source from which it is accustomed to give wine.
The swelling bud, rising with tender down from the back of its mother, prepares its bosom for bringing forth.
Its foliage having been torn off in the wintry season, the verdant grove now renews its leafy shelter.
Mingled together, the willow, the fir, the hazel, the osier, the elm, the maple, the walnut, each tree applauds, delightful with its leaves.
Hence the bee, about to construct its comb, leaving the hive, humming over the flowers, carries off honey with its leg.
The bird which, having closed its song, was dumb, sluggish with the wintry cold, returns to its strains.
Hence Philomela attunes her notes with her own instruments, and the air becomes sweeter with the re-echoed melody.
Behold, the favor of the reviving world bears witness that all gifts have returned together with its Lord.
For in honor of Christ rising triumphant after His descent to the gloomy Tartarus, the grove on every side with its leaves expresses approval, the plants with their flowers express approval.
The light, the heaven, the fields, and the sea duly praise the God ascending above the stars, having crushed the laws of hell.
Behold, He who was crucified reigns as God over all things, and all created objects offer prayer to their Creator.
Hail, festive day, to be reverenced throughout the world, on which God has conquered hell, and gains the stars!
The changes of the year and of the months, the bounteous light of the days, the splendor of the hours, all things with voice applaud.
Hence, in honor of You, the wood with its foliage applauds; hence the vine, with its silent shoot, gives thanks.
Hence the thickets now resound with the whisper of birds; among these the sparrow sings with exuberant love.

BRIDGE
O Christ, You [are] Savior of the world, merciful Creator and Redeemer, the only offspring from the Godhead of the Father, flowing in an indescribable manner from the heart of Your Parent, You [are] self-existing Word, and powerful from the mouth of Your Father, equal to Him, of one mind with Him, His fellow, same age with the Father, from whom at first the world [7.330] derived its origin!  You suspend the firmament, You heap together the soil, You pour forth the seas, by whose government all things which are fixed in their places flourish.  You saw that the human race was plunged in the depth of misery, that You might rescue man, did Yourself also become man: nor were You willing only to be born with a body, but You became flesh, which endured to be born and to die.  You did undergo funeral rites, Yourself the author of life and framer of the world, You did enter the path of death, in giving the aid of salvation.

VERSE 2
The gloomy chains of the infernal law yielded, and chaos feared to be pressed by the presence of the light.
Darkness perishes, put to flight by the brightness of Christ; the thick, dark cloud of eternal night falls.
But restore the promised pledge, I pray You, O power so kind!
The third day has returned; arise, my buried One; it is not becoming that Your limbs should lie in the lowly tomb, nor that worthless stones should press that which is the ransom of the world.
It is unworthy that a stone should shut in with a confining rock, and cover Him in whose fist all things are enclosed.
Take away the linen clothes, I pray; leave the napkins in the tomb: You are sufficient for us, and without You there is nothing.
Release the chained shades of the infernal prison, and recall to the upper regions whatever sinks to the lowest depths.
Give back Your face, that the world may see the light; give back the day which flees from us at Your death.
But returning, O holy conqueror! You did altogether fill the heaven! Tartarus lies depressed, nor retains its rights.
The ruler of the lower regions, insatiably opening his hollow jaws, who has always been a spoiler, becomes a prey to You.
You rescue an innumerable people from the prison of death, and they follow in freedom to the place where their leader approaches.
The fierce monster in alarm vomits forth the multitude whom he had swallowed up, and the Lamb withdraws the sheep from the jaw of the wolf.
Hence re-seeking the tomb from the lower regions, having resumed Your flesh, as a warrior You carried back ample trophies to the heavens.
Those whom chaos held in punishment, He has now restored; and those whom death might seek, a new life holds.
Oh, sacred King, behold a great part of Your triumph shines forth, when the sacred washing pool blesses pure souls!
A host, clad in white, come forth from the bright waves, and cleanse their old fault in a new stream.
The white garment also designates bright souls, and the Shepherd has enjoyments from the snow-white flock.
The priest Felix is added sharing in this reward, who wishes to give double talents to his Lord.
Drawing those who wander in Gentile error to better things, that a beast of prey may not carry them away, he guards the fold of God.
Those whom guilty Eve had before infected, he now restores, fed with abundant milk at the bosom of the Church.
By cultivating rustic hearts with mild conversations, a crop is produced from a briar by the bounty of Felix.
The Saxon, a fierce nation, living as it were after the manner of wild beasts, when you, O sacred One! apply a remedy, the beast of prey resembles the sheep.
About to remain with you through an age with the return of a hundred-fold, you fill the barns with the produce of an abundant harvest.
May this people, free from stain, be strengthened in your arms, and may you bear to the stars a pure pledge to God.
May one crown be bestowed on you from on high gained from yourself, may another flourish gained from your people.


Friday, March 27, 2015

Firmilian of Cappadocia (Full Script)

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Firmilian of Cappadocia
Post-Apostolic Church

INTRO
Firmilian was an overseer in Caesarea Mazaca around AD 235 in the region of Cappadocia in Asia Minor.  Today, Caesarea Mazaca is Kayseri, Turkey.

Firmilian was a student of Origen.  He was friends with Cyprian and Dionysius of Alexandria.

WORKS
All of the information we have about Firmilian comes from the letters he wrote to and received from Cyprian and Dionysius of Alexandria.

One of Firmilian's and Cyprian's more notable discussions regarded Stephen, the bishop of Rome.  Both of them rebuked Stephen for believing he was superior to all other bishops because he was a successor of the apostle Peter.  Firmilian's and Cyprian's letters show that all the bishops in the Universal Church were designed to have equal authority under Jesus Christ.

QUOTATIONS
Pamphilus of Caesarea Maritima, who may have been a student of Firmillian, wrote about him,

...For instance, [there is] Dionysius, the bishop of Alexandria, and Firmilian of Cappadocia, those men of blessed name.  (Pamphilus of Caesarea Maritma.  AD 309.  ANF, 6.169.)
 

Thursday, March 19, 2015

Origen of Alexandria (Full Script)

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Origen of Alexandria
Post-Apostolic Church

INTRO
Origen Adamantius was an overseer in Alexandria, Egypt and later in Caesarea, Palestine (also called Caesarea Maritima).  He wrote between AD 230-250.

Origen was a brilliant student of Clement of Alexandria.  He probably heard Hippolytus preach.  Firmilian, Gregory Thaumaturgus, and Dionysius of Alexandria were some of Origen's students.

LIFE
He grew up in a Christian home.  Origen's deep and difficult questions and curiosity led Leonides, his father, to rebuke him on a few occasions but he thanked God for the genius of his son.  At the start of the persecutions under Emperor Septimius Severus when Origen was 17 (AD 202), Leonides was imprisoned for his faith.  Origen decided to stand on trial with his father and die with him.  But before the trial, Origen's mother hid all his clothes so that he could not leave the house.  When Leonides was killed, the government took their land which left Origen, his mother, and his six brothers in need.  During this time of Christian persecution, Origen became famous in Alexandria because of the love he showed to the suffering Christians.

In order to support his family, Origen taught grammar and literature as a private tutor.  Even at his young age, he was regarded as so brilliant that pagan parents brought their children to be taught by him.  Many of these students became Christians because of Origen.  One of them, Heraclas, later became bishop of Alexandria.

According to Origen's student, Gregory Thaumaturgus, his evangelism style was one of theological and emotional persuasion rather than logical reasoning.

Clement of Alexandria was the head teacher of the catechetical school of new converts in Alexandria.  Because of the persecutions under Severus, he was forced to flee the city and continue the Lord's work elsewhere.  So when Origen was 18 years old (AD 203), Demetrius, bishop of Alexandria, assigned Origen to be the new head teacher of the catechetical school.  In response, Origen sold his Greek books on credit in order to receive a small income.  Though he was head teacher, he refused all other income.  After he taught all day, he would study the Scriptures far into the night.

Years later, Demetrius, bishop of Alexandria, became jealous of Origen's fame and expelled him from the city.  So he moved to Caesarea, Palestine and became an overseer there.

During the persecutions under Emperor Decius (AD 250-251), when Origen was around 65 years old, Origen was captured and tortured.  It appears that he was released, but the wounds inflicted upon him later killed him.

LEGACY
Origen was nothing short of a genius.  In order to respond to Jewish critics of Christianity, Origen became the first Gentile Christian to learn Hebrew.  Origen compiled the Hexapla, the first parallel Old Testament containing six versions.  It contained (1) the Hebrew, (2) the Secunda (which is a transliteration of the Hebrew into Koine Greek letters), (3) the Greek translation by Aquila of Sinope, (4) the Greek translation by Symmachus the Ebionite, (5) the Septuagint with his notes on where the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew, and (6) the Greek translation by Theodotion.  Origen gave a commentary on nearly every book of the New Testament.  Many people believe Origen produced more written works than any human before his time, either Christian or non-Christian.  These number more than 2000 works, written through dictation.  Origen was the first true Christian theologian.

But most importantly, Origen personified Jesus' teaching of the Christian life from the Sermon on the Mount.  He chose to live in poverty and treated both Christians and enemies with love and humility.

Origen said about Christianity,

You will observe the difference between the crowds, who simply "followed" Christ, and Peter and the others who "gave up everything and followed."  (Origen.  AD 248.  ANF, vol 9, page 505.)

CANONIZATION
Many people have heard that Origen was a heretic.  Was he?  He was not labeled a heretic during his lifetime.  Eusebius records that Origen was expelled from Alexandria because his bishop, Demetrius, was jealous of Origen's brilliance and fame.  Upon hearing of Origen's expulsion from Alexandria, the churches in Caesarea Palestine and Jerusalem wanted Origen to come be an overseer for their churches.  When Origen died, he was an overseer in good standing with the church.

It wasn't until about 300 years after his death at the Second Council of Constantinople (AD 553) when Emperor Justinian I and an assembly of church leaders declared a number of Origen's beliefs to be heretical.  Three of these probably included his beliefs about the pre-existence of souls (though he specifically taught against the transmigration of souls, that is, reincarnation), the eventual universal reconciliation of ALL beings, possibly including the devil (though after untold eons of repentance; now this is not to be confused with universal salvation, which is the belief that God will automatically save everyone), and the three ways to interpret Scripture--historical, moral, and spiritual (which correspond to our body, soul, and spirit).  Yes, Origen did believe these things and he was the only pre-Nicene Christian who wrote about them.  He even provided Scriptures to support them.  However, about the idea of universal reconciliation, he said that he inferred this from Scripture and that this belief is open for dispute.  After reading Origen’s arguments for these beliefs, though they are fascinating, I disagree with Origen on the first two and agree with him on the third.  But I don’t believe any of these beliefs make Origen a heretic at all.

Ever since the sixth century, there has existed a strong dislike of Origen, and this has caused a lot of misinformation about him to become popular over the following centuries.  For example, there is a belief that Origen corrupted many copies of the Scriptures.  This belief is usually similar to the following:

Origen corrupted many copies of the Scriptures to fit his personal beliefs, and these corrupted Scriptures became what we know today as the Alexandrian family of New Testament manuscripts [Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus, 4th century manuscripts].   The true, uncorrupted Scriptures became the Byzantine family of New Testament manuscripts [also called the Majority Text; Textus Receptus].

Usually, this belief is held by those who use the King James Version to the exclusion of all other translations because the King James Version and the New King James Version were translated from the Byzantine family while nearly all other versions have been translated from the Alexandrian family.  Because the supporters of the King James Version dislike the Alexandrian family, they point to Origen of Alexandria as the one who corrupted the other NT manuscripts.

However, if one looks at Origen’s writings, one would see that Origen did not corrupt any Scripture.  In fact, when one examines the very few differences between the Alexandrian texts and the Byzantine texts, one would see that Origen tends to agree with the Byzantine more often!  Therefore, Origen's writings actually help support the Byzantine text and, thus, the King James Version.  How ironic that centuries of misinformation about Origen have caused many to accuse him of corrupting the Scriptures when, in fact, Origen is one of their biggest supporters.  So when someone accuses Origen of corrupting the Scriptures, this only proves that this person has not read Origen's writings.

Because of the misinformation about and dislike of Origen, as of today, not a single group of Christianity, including Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, or Anglicanism, has canonized, or honored, Origen or given him a feast day.  But because of Origen’s unquestionable genius, his innumerable contributions to the Lord’s church, and his unequaled commitment to Jesus Christ, it is my opinion that it is a great disservice not to give Origen the honor he deserves.


Timeline of Origen's Life
202.  Persecution which killed his dad.
203.  Assigned head of the Catechetical School.
211-212.  Traveled to Rome and saw Zephyrinus.
212.  Gives his student Plutarch authority over catechumens while Origen focused on exegesis and Hebrew.
212-213.  Origen converts Ambrose of Alexandria (a former Valentinian).
213-214.  Origen visits the prefect in Petra, Arabia.
214-215.  An Alexandrian uprising sends Ambrose to Caesarea.  Origen joins him and spends much time traveling and preaching in Caesarea.
216.  Demetrius, bishop of Alexandria, calls Origen back.
218.  Ambrose pays for Origen's books and Origen dedicates all his works to Ambrose.
218-228.  Origen writes many, many commentaries on books of the Bible.
228.  Origen travels to Greece and Caesarea.  He is appointed as a presbyter in Caesarea.
230.  Origen returns to Alexandria.
231.  Demetrius's jealousy of Origen causes Origen to move to Caesarea.
235.  Origen flees Caesarea to Cappadocia because of persecution.  He is welcomed by Firmilian.
238.  Origen returns to Caesarea.
240.  Converts Beryllus, bishop of Bostra, from Gnosticism.  Spend much time defending his works with Fabian, bishop of Rome.
?.  Origen went to Arabia to battle the doctrine of soul sleep.
251.  Origen is captured during the Decian persecution and tortured.

254.  Origen dies from wounds.

Friday, January 23, 2015

Hippolytus of Rome (Full Script)

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Hippolytus
Post-Apostolic Church

INTRO
Hippolytus was an overseer in Rome and wrote around AD 225.

He was a student of Irenaeus.  He also learned much of his knowledge from the works of Justin Martyr, who had lived in Rome about 65 years before.  Origen probably heard Hippolytus teach.

LIFE
Hippolytus devotedly fought for the truth.  At one time, he opposed other overseers in Rome for too freely accepting pagan converts.  He accused one of the overseers of Monarchianism which is the belief that there is one God in one Person as opposed to the Three Persons of the Trinity.

Because of his Christian faith, Hippolytus was exiled by the Romans to Sardinia and died there.  It is said that while he was there with one of his fellow overseers whom he had opposed, he made amends with him and they died having been reconciled.

WORKS
Hippolytus wrote many, many works.  Like Irenaeus, his teacher, he compiled a massive work describing the heresies of his day.  Jerome's list of his writings is extremely long (Jerome, On Illustrious Men, chapter 61.  AD 400.  NPNF2, vol 3, page 375.)

STATUE
In 1551, a statue of a complete man was found in Rome.  Because of the inscriptions on it, there is no doubt that the statue is of Hippolytus.  As you watch the videos on this channel you may like or dislike the images used to represent the Early Christian writers.  That’s ok!  These images are probably not accurate likenesses of the ancient writers. However, if this statue was made while Hippolytus was alive, this is what he looked like.

QUOTATIONS
About the nature of God, Hippolytus wrote,


And the blessed John, in the testimony of his gospel, gives us an account of this economy [that is, nature of God] and acknowledge this Word as God, when he says, "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God."  Then, if the Word was with God and was also God, what follows?  Would one say that he speaks of two Gods?  Indeed, I shall not speak of two Gods, but of one.  [I will speak of] two Persons, however, and of a third economy, that is, the grace of the Holy Spirit....  [5.2] The Father decrees, the Word executes, and the Son is manifested, through whom the Father is believed on.  The economy of harmony is led back to one God; for God is one.  It is the Father who commands, and the Son who obeys, and the Holy Spirit who gives understanding: the Father who is above all, and the Son who is through all, and the Holy Spirit who is in all.  (Hippolytus.  AD 225.  ANF, vol 5, page 228.)

Wednesday, November 12, 2014

Sextus Julius Africanus (Full Script)

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Sextus Julius Africanus
Post-Apostolic Church

INTRO
Sextus Julius Africanus was a church historian probably from Emmaus (see also Luke 24:13) and wrote around AD 220.
*** Jerome said he wrote his five volume work, On Chronology, during the reign of Emperor Elagabalus (Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus) (NPNF2, 3.375).

LIFE
Africanus attended the catechetical school in Alexandria, Egypt and knew Origen.

WORKS
His lost work, Chronographiai, which is about the history of the world, was a great influence on Eusebius.  It places the creation of the world around 5500 BC which closely agrees with Theophilus of Antioch's date.

Africanus also had much to say about the differences between Matthew's and Luke's genealogies.  He explained that Matthew traces the ancestry of Jesus according to Mosaic Law, while Luke traces Jesus’ biological ancestry.  Therefore, regardless of how Jesus’ ancestry is traced, it meets up at David, proving that Jesus is “The Son of David” both through law and nature.

QUOTATIONS
About the darkness that happened at Christ's death, Africanus wrote,


Thallus, in the third book of his History, calls this darkness--as appears to me without reason--an eclipse of the sun.  For the Hebrews celebrate the Passover on the 14th day according to the moon, and the sufferings of our Savior falls on the day before the Passover.  But an eclipse of the sun takes place only when the moon comes under the sun.  (Sextus Julius Africanus.  AD 220.  ANF, vol 6, page 136.)

Friday, November 7, 2014

Marcus Minucius Felix (Full Script)

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Marcus Minucius Felix
Post-Apostolic Church

INTRO
Marcus Minucius Felix probably lived in or near Rome.  Like Justin Martyr, he did not have any leadership—or clergy—roles in the church, and, therefore, very little is known about him.  In fact, it is difficult to date his work.  Based on my research, it seems likely that he wrote at the same time as, or shortly after, Tertullian.  If this is the case, he wrote around AD 210.

WORKS
Felix studied the works of Cicero, a very popular Roman philosopher and politician from the first century BC.  Like Tertullian, Felix was one of the first Christian writers to use Latin.  Despite being in Tertullian's shadow, so to speak, he had a very educated writing style similar to Lactantius, who also had Roman political roots and who wrote around 100 years later.

Felix's famous work is called Octavius and was written as a dialogue between a pagan, Caecilius Natalis, and a Christian, Octavius Januarius, who was a lawyer and Felix's friend.  The setting of the work is in Ostia, a suburb of Rome.

QUOTATIONS
About the helplessness of idols, Felix wrote,

How much more truly do dumb animals naturally judge concerning your gods?  Mice, swallows, and hawks know that they [idols] have no feeling: they gnaw them, they trample on them, they sit upon them.  And unless you drive them off, they build their nests in the very mouth of your god.  Indeed, spiders weave their webs over his face and suspend their threads from his very head.  You wipe, cleanse, scrape, protect, and fear those whom you make.  (Marcus Minucius Felix.  AD 210.  ANF, vol 4, page 187.)

About Felix, Lactantius wrote,

Of those who are known to me, Minucius Felix was of high rank among the apologists.  His book, which bears the title of Octavius, declares how suitable he might have been [as] a maintainer of the truth if he had given himself altogether to that pursuit.  (Lactantius.  AD 310.  ANF, vol 7, page 136.)

Thursday, October 30, 2014

When was Obadiah Written? (Full Script)

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When was Obadiah Written?
Post-Apostolic Church

INTRO
Of all the books of the prophets, when it comes to when they were written, Obadiah might be the most obscure.  In this video, we will look at the evidence and narrow down when Obadiah wrote his vision against the nation of Edom, even down to a window of 5 years!

SOURCE - TALMUD
Babylonian Talmud, Tract Sanhedrin, Part 2.  Translated by Michael L Rodkinson, vol 8, chapter 11, page 376.  (http://www.sacred-texts.com/jud/t08/t0814.htm)

Outside of Obadiah's vision, the most ancient source is the Jewish Babylonian Talmud.  It says that Obadiah is the same one mentioned in 1 Kings 18:3-17.  This Obadiah "greatly feared God."  He was in charge of King Ahab's palace.  He saved 100 of God's prophets by hiding them in a cave when Jezebel was slaughtering the prophets.  And he had a conversation with Elijah.

The Talmud goes on to say that Obadiah was an Edomite proselyte, which means he was born in Edom and converted to Judaism.  This would have made him a good candidate to prophesy against Edom for God.

But is the Obadiah in 1 Kings 18 the same Obadiah who wrote the vision?  Perhaps.  Let's look at the internal evidence.

SOURCE - INTERNAL
Obadiah's vision is against the nation of Edom, the descendants of Esau.  It is only one chapter.  The first verse reads,

We have heard a message from the Lord.  A messenger has been sent among the nations: "Rise up, and let us go to war against her."  (Obadiah 1:1.)

This is the Lord's call to war.  It appears that Obadiah wrote his vision soon before the Jews would go to battle against Edom.  Yet, Ahab never had any conflicts with the Edomites.  The kingdom of Israel did not border Edom.  But the kingdom of Judah did.  Therefore, it seems more likely that Obadiah lived in Judah.

We are given the biggest clue as to when this vision was written in verse seven, which reads,

Everyone who has a treaty with you will drive you to the border.  Everyone at peace with you will deceive and conquer you.  Those who eat your bread will set a trap for you.  (Obadiah 1:7.)

Obadiah prophesies that Edom's allies will break their alliance and will turn against them.  Did this ever happen?  Yes, this is recorded in 2 Chr 20:22-23.  In this chapter, Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, is being attacked by an alliance between Moab, Ammon, and Edom.  (Now Seir was the capital of Edom and the mountains of Seir made a natural border between them and Judah.)  After Jehoshaphat prayed to God and Jahaziel prophesied the coming victory for Judah, the Lord caused the Ammonites and the Moabites to turn against Edom.  It reads,

The moment they [the army of Judah] began their shouts and praises, the Lord set an ambush against the Ammonites, Moabites, and the inhabitants of Mount Seir who came to fight against Judah, and they were defeated.  The Ammonites and Moabites turned against the inhabitants of Mount Seir and completely annihilated them.  When they had finished with the inhabitants of Seir, they helped destroy each other.  (2 Chronicles 20:22-23.)

This appears to be the fulfillment of Obadiah's prophecy in verse seven.

DATE
Since Obadiah's vision is a call to war against the Edomites and prophesies this outcome, it must have been written immediately before this battle.  So when did this battle take place?  It is the last recorded event in the life of Jehoshaphat.  So this must have happened at the end of his reign.  Since Ahab died two chapters earlier [2Chr 18:34], this battle must have taken place between the deaths of Ahab and Jehoshaphat.

At this point, we have narrowed down the time of Obadiah to 2 chapters [2Chr 18:34 to 2Chr 20:22].

Scholars have said that Ahab died in 852 or 850 BC and that Jehoshaphat died in 849 or 847 BC.  If we take the earliest given date for the death of Ahab (852 BC) and the latest given date for the death of Jehoshaphat (847 BC), this leaves a span of five years.  The battle between Judah and Edom occurred during this time.  Again, Obadiah would have written his vision immediately before the battle, so it safe to say that it was earlier rather than later.

Therefore, after gathering all this evidence, the best answer as to when Obadiah wrote his vision would be around 850 BC, give or take two years.

SOURCE - OBADIAH OF JUDAH
There is one more interesting Scripture to mention.  As stated earlier, it makes more sense that Obadiah lived in Judah rather than Israel since Judah bordered and fought against Edom while Israel did not.  In addition to the Obadiah who served under Ahab in Israel, there was another Obadiah in Judah at the same time.  This Obadiah was appointed as an official teacher by Jehoshaphat.

In the third year of his reign, Jehophaphat sent his officials--Ben-hail, Obadiah, Zechariah, Nethanel, and Micaiah--to teach in the cities of Judah.  (2 Chronicles 17:7.)

This Obadiah of Judah was already an established teacher even before the death of Ahab.  This is probably the Obadiah who wrote the one-chapter vision we have today.

ENDING
I hope you enjoyed this video which is more of a historical Bible study.  It is a change-of-pace from the videos I normally share.  So if you have not been to this channel before, I invite you to check out my other videos on the history and faith of early Christianity.  These Christians wrote many works between 75 and 325 AD, and some knew the apostles personally.  Their writings tell us what the church was like immediately following the lives of the apostles.

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P.S.
P.S.  Obadiah 1:18 reads,

No survivor will remain of the house of Esau, for the Lord has spoken.  (Obadiah 1:18.)

When was this prophecy fulfilled?  When was Edom completely and utterly destroyed from the face of the earth?  In 70 AD, 20,000 Edomites helped defend Jerusalem when it was attacked and destroyed by the Roman general Titus.  Ever since the destruction of Jerusalem, there has never been any mention of the existence of the Edomite people.  It seems that the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD fulfilled many, many Biblical prophecies, including this one.